Introduction
There were about five hundred different Indian nations in the now-United States when Europeans first landed in North America. This includes both what settlers called “Indians” (in the mainland United States) and Alaska natives. The category of Native Americans does not include those indigenous to Hawaii, Samoa, and the Mariana Islands. However, largely due to war and disease, the Native American population decreased to around 300,000 in 1900.
Early in United States history, the legal status of Native Americans as citizens was ubiquitous at best. However, in the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924, all Native Americans born in the United States who had not yet obtained citizenship were declared to be United States citizens. This allowed the Native American population to vote in state and federal elections and provided protections under the Fourteenth Amendment.
In 2012, the Census Bureau estimated there to be about 5.2 million Native Americans in the United States, or 2% of the total population.
See for yourself how the Native American population has changed by examining the data in the charts.
| # | State | Native American Population | Population | Hispanic and Latino Population | Population Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | California | 631,016 | 39,237,836 | 15,579,652 | 258.21 per mi² |
| 2 | Oklahoma | 332,791 | 3,986,639 | 471,931 | 58.63 per mi² |
| 3 | Arizona | 319,512 | 7,276,316 | 2,192,253 | 64.96 per mi² |
| 4 | Texas | 278,948 | 29,527,941 | 11,441,717 | 116.16 per mi² |
| 5 | New Mexico | 212,241 | 2,115,877 | 1,010,811 | 17.6 per mi² |
| 6 | New York | 149,690 | 19,835,913 | 3,948,032 | 433.9 per mi² |
| 7 | North Carolina | 130,032 | 10,551,162 | 1,118,596 | 220.3 per mi² |
| 8 | Washington | 121,468 | 7,738,692 | 1,059,213 | 120.37 per mi² |
| 9 | Alaska | 111,575 | 732,673 | 49,824 | 1.3 per mi² |
| 10 | Illinois | 96,498 | 12,671,469 | 2,337,410 | 230.68 per mi² |
| 11 | Florida | 94,795 | 21,781,128 | 5,697,240 | 416.96 per mi² |
| 12 | South Dakota | 77,748 | 895,376 | 38,741 | 11.98 per mi² |
| 13 | Colorado | 74,129 | 5,812,069 | 1,263,390 | 57.86 per mi² |
| 14 | Minnesota | 68,641 | 5,707,390 | 345,640 | 73.18 per mi² |
| 15 | Montana | 67,612 | 1,104,271 | 45,199 | 7.64 per mi² |
| 16 | Oregon | 62,993 | 4,246,155 | 588,757 | 45.41 per mi² |
| 17 | Michigan | 61,261 | 10,050,811 | 564,422 | 179.26 per mi² |
| 18 | Wisconsin | 60,428 | 5,895,908 | 447,290 | 109.97 per mi² |
| 19 | New Jersey | 51,186 | 9,267,130 | 2,002,575 | 1,283.4 per mi² |
| 20 | Georgia | 50,618 | 10,799,566 | 1,123,457 | 191.59 per mi² |
| 21 | Nevada | 43,932 | 3,143,991 | 890,257 | 29.38 per mi² |
| 22 | Utah | 41,644 | 3,337,975 | 492,912 | 41.67 per mi² |
| 23 | Virginia | 40,007 | 8,642,274 | 908,749 | 223.36 per mi² |
| 24 | North Dakota | 38,914 | 774,948 | 33,412 | 11.75 per mi² |
| 25 | Alabama | 33,625 | 5,039,877 | 264,047 | 100.65 per mi² |
| 26 | Maryland | 31,845 | 6,165,129 | 729,745 | 648.84 per mi² |
| 27 | Louisiana | 31,657 | 4,624,047 | 322,549 | 108.67 per mi² |
| 28 | Pennsylvania | 31,052 | 12,964,056 | 1,049,615 | 292.62 per mi² |
| 29 | Kansas | 30,995 | 2,934,582 | 382,603 | 36.24 per mi² |
| 30 | Ohio | 30,720 | 11,780,017 | 521,308 | 290.7 per mi² |
| 31 | Missouri | 30,518 | 6,168,187 | 303,068 | 90.26 per mi² |
| 32 | Tennessee | 28,044 | 6,975,218 | 479,187 | 171.71 per mi² |
| 33 | Arkansas | 27,177 | 3,025,891 | 256,847 | 58.43 per mi² |
| 34 | Indiana | 26,086 | 6,805,985 | 554,191 | 191.93 per mi² |
| 35 | Idaho | 25,621 | 1,900,923 | 239,407 | 23.24 per mi² |
| 36 | South Carolina | 24,303 | 5,190,705 | 352,838 | 175.19 per mi² |
| 37 | Massachusetts | 24,018 | 6,984,723 | 887,685 | 919.82 per mi² |
| 38 | Nebraska | 23,102 | 1,963,692 | 234,715 | 26.06 per mi² |
| 39 | Mississippi | 16,450 | 2,949,965 | 105,220 | 63.07 per mi² |
| 40 | Connecticut | 16,051 | 3,605,597 | 623,293 | 746.7 per mi² |
| 41 | Iowa | 14,486 | 3,193,079 | 215,986 | 57.89 per mi² |
| 42 | Wyoming | 13,898 | 578,803 | 59,046 | 5.98 per mi² |
| 43 | Kentucky | 12,801 | 4,509,394 | 207,854 | 115.38 per mi² |
| 44 | Maine | 7,885 | 1,372,247 | 26,609 | 44.5 per mi² |
| 45 | Rhode Island | 7,385 | 1,095,610 | 182,101 | 1,074.3 per mi² |
| 46 | Delaware | 5,148 | 1,003,384 | 104,290 | 522.09 per mi² |
| 47 | Hawaii | 4,370 | 1,441,553 | 138,923 | 231.01 per mi² |
| 48 | West Virginia | 3,706 | 1,782,959 | 34,827 | 73.88 per mi² |
| 49 | District of Columbia | 3,193 | 670,050 | 77,652 | |
| 50 | New Hampshire | 3,031 | 1,388,992 | 59,454 | 155.91 per mi² |
| 51 | Vermont | 2,289 | 645,570 | 15,504 | 70.34 per mi² |
Native American Population by State
Alabama
Native American Population
33,625
Ranked in the US
#25
5,039,877
Ranked in the US
#24
Ranked in the US
#32
100.65 per mi²
↑ 1.15%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#27
Alaska
Native American Population
111,575
Ranked in the US
#9
732,673
Ranked in the US
#49
Ranked in the US
#45
1.3 per mi²
↑ 1.56%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#50
Arizona
Native American Population
319,512
Ranked in the US
#3
7,276,316
Ranked in the US
#14
2,192,253
Ranked in the US
#6
64.96 per mi²
↑ 1.47%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#32
Arkansas
Native American Population
27,177
Ranked in the US
#33
3,025,891
Ranked in the US
#34
Ranked in the US
#33
58.43 per mi²
↑ 0.41%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#35
California
Native American Population
631,016
Ranked in the US
#1
39,237,836
Ranked in the US
#1
15,579,652
Ranked in the US
#1
258.21 per mi²
↑ 2.57%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#11
Colorado
Native American Population
74,129
Ranked in the US
#13
5,812,069
Ranked in the US
#21
1,263,390
Ranked in the US
#8
57.86 per mi²
↑ 3.17%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#37
Connecticut
Native American Population
16,051
Ranked in the US
#40
3,605,597
Ranked in the US
#29
Ranked in the US
#18
746.7 per mi²
↑ 0.29%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#4
Delaware
Native American Population
5,148
Ranked in the US
#46
1,003,384
Ranked in the US
#46
Ranked in the US
#41
522.09 per mi²
↑ 1.39%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#6
District of Columbia
Native American Population
3,193
Ranked in the US
#49
670,050
Ranked in the US
#50
Ranked in the US
#42
Florida
Native American Population
94,795
Ranked in the US
#11
21,781,128
Ranked in the US
#3
5,697,240
Ranked in the US
#3
416.96 per mi²
↑ 2.7%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#8
Georgia
Native American Population
50,618
Ranked in the US
#20
10,799,566
Ranked in the US
#8
1,123,457
Ranked in the US
#9
191.59 per mi²
↑ 2.39%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#17
Hawaii
Native American Population
4,370
Ranked in the US
#47
1,441,553
Ranked in the US
#41
Ranked in the US
#39
231.01 per mi²
↑ 2.92%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#12
Idaho
Native American Population
25,621
Ranked in the US
#35
1,900,923
Ranked in the US
#39
Ranked in the US
#34
23.24 per mi²
↑ 1.04%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#44
Illinois
Native American Population
96,498
Ranked in the US
#10
12,671,469
Ranked in the US
#6
2,337,410
Ranked in the US
#5
230.68 per mi²
↑ 1.06%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#13
Indiana
Native American Population
26,086
Ranked in the US
#34
6,805,985
Ranked in the US
#17
Ranked in the US
#21
191.93 per mi²
↑ 1.03%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#16
Iowa
Native American Population
14,486
Ranked in the US
#41
3,193,079
Ranked in the US
#32
Ranked in the US
#36
57.89 per mi²
↑ 1.26%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#36
Kansas
Native American Population
30,995
Ranked in the US
#29
2,934,582
Ranked in the US
#36
Ranked in the US
#27
36.24 per mi²
↑ 0.98%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#41
Kentucky
Native American Population
12,801
Ranked in the US
#43
4,509,394
Ranked in the US
#26
Ranked in the US
#37
115.38 per mi²
↑ 1.04%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#24
Louisiana
Native American Population
31,657
Ranked in the US
#27
4,624,047
Ranked in the US
#25
Ranked in the US
#30
108.67 per mi²
↑ 1.55%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#26
Maine
Native American Population
7,885
Ranked in the US
#44
1,372,247
Ranked in the US
#43
Ranked in the US
#50
44.5 per mi²
↑ 0.02%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#39
Maryland
Native American Population
31,845
Ranked in the US
#26
6,165,129
Ranked in the US
#19
Ranked in the US
#17
648.84 per mi²
↑ 2.2%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#5
Massachusetts
Native American Population
24,018
Ranked in the US
#37
6,984,723
Ranked in the US
#15
Ranked in the US
#16
919.82 per mi²
↑ 2.73%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#3
Michigan
Native American Population
61,261
Ranked in the US
#17
10,050,811
Ranked in the US
#10
Ranked in the US
#20
179.26 per mi²
↑ 0.96%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#18
Minnesota
Native American Population
68,641
Ranked in the US
#14
5,707,390
Ranked in the US
#22
Ranked in the US
#29
73.18 per mi²
↑ 2.09%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#30
Mississippi
Native American Population
16,450
Ranked in the US
#39
2,949,965
Ranked in the US
#35
Ranked in the US
#40
63.07 per mi²
↑ 0.32%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#33
Missouri
Native American Population
30,518
Ranked in the US
#31
6,168,187
Ranked in the US
#18
Ranked in the US
#31
90.26 per mi²
↑ 0.6%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#28
Montana
Native American Population
67,612
Ranked in the US
#15
1,104,271
Ranked in the US
#44
Ranked in the US
#46
7.64 per mi²
↑ 0.66%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#48
Nebraska
Native American Population
23,102
Ranked in the US
#38
1,963,692
Ranked in the US
#38
Ranked in the US
#35
26.06 per mi²
↑ 1.96%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#43
Nevada
Native American Population
43,932
Ranked in the US
#21
3,143,991
Ranked in the US
#33
Ranked in the US
#15
29.38 per mi²
↑ 2.66%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#42
New Hampshire
Native American Population
3,031
Ranked in the US
#50
1,388,992
Ranked in the US
#42
Ranked in the US
#43
155.91 per mi²
↑ 0.5%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#21
New Jersey
Native American Population
51,186
Ranked in the US
#19
9,267,130
Ranked in the US
#11
2,002,575
Ranked in the US
#7
1,283.4 per mi²
↑ 1.85%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#1
New Mexico
Native American Population
212,241
Ranked in the US
#5
2,115,877
Ranked in the US
#37
1,010,811
Ranked in the US
#13
17.6 per mi²
↑ 0.92%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#45
New York
Native American Population
149,690
Ranked in the US
#6
19,835,913
Ranked in the US
#4
3,948,032
Ranked in the US
#4
433.9 per mi²
↑ 3.08%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#7
North Carolina
Native American Population
130,032
Ranked in the US
#7
10,551,162
Ranked in the US
#9
1,118,596
Ranked in the US
#10
220.3 per mi²
↑ 1.52%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#15
North Dakota
Native American Population
38,914
Ranked in the US
#24
774,948
Ranked in the US
#48
Ranked in the US
#49
11.75 per mi²
↑ 4.63%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#47
Ohio
Native American Population
30,720
Ranked in the US
#30
11,780,017
Ranked in the US
#7
Ranked in the US
#22
290.7 per mi²
↑ 0.83%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#10
Oklahoma
Native American Population
332,791
Ranked in the US
#2
3,986,639
Ranked in the US
#28
Ranked in the US
#25
58.63 per mi²
↑ 0.88%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#34
Oregon
Native American Population
62,993
Ranked in the US
#16
4,246,155
Ranked in the US
#27
Ranked in the US
#19
45.41 per mi²
↑ 2.67%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#38
Pennsylvania
Native American Population
31,052
Ranked in the US
#28
12,964,056
Ranked in the US
#5
1,049,615
Ranked in the US
#12
292.62 per mi²
↑ 0.99%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#9
Rhode Island
Native American Population
7,385
Ranked in the US
#45
1,095,610
Ranked in the US
#45
Ranked in the US
#38
1,074.3 per mi²
↑ 1.38%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#2
South Carolina
Native American Population
24,303
Ranked in the US
#36
5,190,705
Ranked in the US
#23
Ranked in the US
#28
175.19 per mi²
↑ 1.47%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#19
South Dakota
Native American Population
77,748
Ranked in the US
#12
895,376
Ranked in the US
#47
Ranked in the US
#47
11.98 per mi²
↑ 1.44%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#46
Tennessee
Native American Population
28,044
Ranked in the US
#32
6,975,218
Ranked in the US
#16
Ranked in the US
#24
171.71 per mi²
↑ 1.5%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#20
Texas
Native American Population
278,948
Ranked in the US
#4
29,527,941
Ranked in the US
#2
11,441,717
Ranked in the US
#2
116.16 per mi²
↑ 2.78%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#23
Utah
Native American Population
41,644
Ranked in the US
#22
3,337,975
Ranked in the US
#30
Ranked in the US
#23
41.67 per mi²
↑ 2.84%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#40
Vermont
Native American Population
2,289
Ranked in the US
#51
645,570
Ranked in the US
#51
Ranked in the US
#51
70.34 per mi²
↑ 0.43%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#31
Virginia
Native American Population
40,007
Ranked in the US
#23
8,642,274
Ranked in the US
#12
Ranked in the US
#14
223.36 per mi²
↑ 2.04%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#14
Washington
Native American Population
121,468
Ranked in the US
#8
7,738,692
Ranked in the US
#13
1,059,213
Ranked in the US
#11
120.37 per mi²
↑ 3.37%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#22
West Virginia
Native American Population
3,706
Ranked in the US
#48
1,782,959
Ranked in the US
#40
Ranked in the US
#48
73.88 per mi²
↓ 0.38%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#29
Wisconsin
Native American Population
60,428
Ranked in the US
#18
5,895,908
Ranked in the US
#20
Ranked in the US
#26
109.97 per mi²
↑ 1.03%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#25
Wyoming
Native American Population
13,898
Ranked in the US
#42
578,803
Ranked in the US
#52
Ranked in the US
#44
5.98 per mi²
↑ 0.34%
Vs 2021
Ranked in the US
#49
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